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梦里已知身是客January 21 奥巴马就职演讲全文My fellow citizens: I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors. I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition. Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath. The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace. Yet, every so often, the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms. At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forebearers, and true to our founding documents. So it has been. So it must be with this generation of Americans. That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred. Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age. Homes have been lost; jobs shed; businesses shuttered. Our health care is too costly; our schools fail too many; and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet. These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics. Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land -- a nagging fear that America's decline is inevitable, and that the next generation must lower its sights. Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real. They are serious and they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know this, America: They will be met. On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord. On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn-out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics. We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things. The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit; to choose our better history; to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness. In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given. It must be earned. Our journey has never been one of shortcuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the fainthearted -- for those who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame. Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things -- some celebrated, but more often men and women obscure in their labor -- who have carried us up the long, rugged path toward prosperity and freedom. For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life. For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West; endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth. For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg; Normandy and Khe Sahn. Time and again, these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life. They saw America as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions; greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction. This is the journey we continue today. We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth. Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began. Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year. Our capacity remains undiminished. But our time of standing pat, of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisions -- that time has surely passed. Starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking America. For everywhere we look, there is work to be done. The state of the economy calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act -- not only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth. We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together. We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology's wonders to raise health care's quality and lower its cost. We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories. And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age. All this we can do. And all this we will do. Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions -- who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big plans. Their memories are short. For they have forgotten what this country has already done; what free men and women can achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage. What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them -- that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply. The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works -- whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward. Where the answer is no, programs will end. And those of us who manage the public's dollars will be held to account -- to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day -- because only then can we restore the vital trust between a people and their government. Nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill. Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control -- and that a nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous. The success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our gross domestic product, but on the reach of our prosperity; on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart -- not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good. As for our common defense, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals. Our Founding Fathers, faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a charter expanded by the blood of generations. Those ideals still light the world, and we will not give them up for expedience's sake. And so to all other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father was born: Know that America is a friend of each nation and every man, woman and child who seeks a future of peace and dignity, and that we are ready to lead once more. Recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions. They understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please. Instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use; our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint. We are the keepers of this legacy. Guided by these principles once more, we can meet those new threats that demand even greater effort -- even greater cooperation and understanding between nations. We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan. With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warming planet. We will not apologize for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defense, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken; you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you. For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness. We are a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus -- and nonbelievers. We are shaped by every language and culture, drawn from every end of this Earth; and because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass; that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve; that as the world grows smaller, our common humanity shall reveal itself; and that America must play its role in ushering in a new era of peace. To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and mutual respect. To those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society's ills on the West: Know that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy. To those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history; but that we will extend a hand if you are willing to unclench your fist. To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds. And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world's resources without regard to effect. For the world has changed, and we must change with it. As we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble gratitude those brave Americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains. They have something to tell us today, just as the fallen heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages. We honor them not only because they are guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the spirit of service; a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves. And yet, at this moment -- a moment that will define a generation -- it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all. For as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies. It is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which sees us through our darkest hours. It is the firefighter's courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent's willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our fate. Our challenges may be new. The instruments with which we meet them may be new. But those values upon which our success depends -- hard work and honesty, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism -- these things are old. These things are true. They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history. What is demanded then is a return to these truths. What is required of us now is a new era of responsibility -- a recognition, on the part of every American, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation and the world; duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly, firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit, so defining of our character, than giving our all to a difficult task. This is the price and the promise of citizenship. This is the source of our confidence -- the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny. This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed -- why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent Mall, and why a man whose father less than 60 years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath. So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have traveled. In the year of America's birth, in the coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying campfires on the shores of an icy river. The capital was abandoned. The enemy was advancing. The snow was stained with blood. At a moment when the outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered these words be read to the people: "Let it be told to the future world ... that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive... that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet [it]." America. In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let us remember these timeless words. With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and endure what storms may come. Let it be said by our children's children that when we were tested, we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back, nor did we falter; and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God's grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations. November 13 《新大秦帝国》的经典台词...“小政在朝不在民，大政在民不在朝”
“重行不重心，行法才能公平；行法公平才是爱民”
虽人善，然触法则必究。执法不能唯心，只能唯行。
“齐魏楚三强皆不可效法......其强非长久之强，遇明君则强，遇常君则弱，遇昏君则亡。”
《新大秦帝国》中卫秧对“人治”国家前途高瞻远瞩的判断，强调了“法治”对国家可持续发展的重要性。
“创新者生，守旧者忘”
同样是《新》中的台词，让我想起奥巴马的那句“Change, we believe it!” October 24 捡了个便宜最近组里做了整个网络，软件和电脑硬件的migration，目的就是整合整个TU网络，标准化软件使用，统一更新计算机硬件系统。折腾了快一个星期，升级的系统没有给工作带来任何的效率提高，反而因为专业软件权限的问题浪费了不少时间。
不过让广大革命同志欣喜事情还是有的！一点点money就把以前的台式机归为己有！哈哈，早想搞一个台式，幸好没有出手！虽然“老”机子没有能玩N4S的显卡和CPU，但对俺这种志趣还停留在搞搞文档，做个ANSYS仿真，看个PPS，玩玩星际争霸的同志已经是足够了！
ps: 听说老板的台式是migration之前一个月买的新机子，还含苞欲放着呢，就这样生生被这个老头用75欧虏回家蒙等儿迷了！行为真是罄竹难书，令人发指，人神共愤！
October 17 一定要冷静很多哥们都考过路考。一开始很完美，一个小错之后心态开始不平衡，之后就会顾此失彼，直接导致最后fail掉。俺今天也是不能超然于这种惯性心态，半路一次无关紧要的熄火毁了整个放松的状态。
下一次要冷静，一定要冷静。还有告诉要考试的兄弟: Wrong direction doesn't matter, safe decision DOES! ---- from 今天的考官。 October 15 厨子，有前途！博士到底值多少钱？
按照经典经济理论，价值决定价格。一个博士到底值多少钱呢？这个崇尚自由经济的荷兰给出了一个参考答案：博士也就一厨子水平。鹿特丹长城酒家一般厨子月薪2k多欧，大厨到手4k欧。博士毕业也就和一般厨子不相上下。大厨经验多个几十年就可以更值钱，可是博士过个几十年费个死劲搞到教授能月薪到手4k么？难呀！
所以，厨子，有前途！
October 11 10分钟让你全面了解当前世界金融危机 [转载]对金融危机最普遍的官方解释是次贷问题，然而次贷总共不过几千亿，而美国政府救市资金早已到了万亿以上，为什么危机还是看不到头?有文章指出危机的根源是金融机构采用“杠杆”交易;另一些专家指出金融危机的背后是62万亿的信用违约掉期(Credit Default Swap, CDS)。那么，次贷，杠杆和CDS之间究竟是什么关系?它们之间通过什么样的相互作用产生了今天的金融危机?在众多的金融危机分析文章中，始终没有看到对这些问题的简单明了的解释。本文试图通过自己的理解为这些问题提供一个答案，为通俗易懂起见，我们使用了几个假想的例子。有不恰当之处欢迎批评讨论。 一。杠杆。目前，许多投资银行为了赚取暴利，采用20-30倍杠杆操作，假设一个银行A自身资产为30亿，30倍杠杆就是900亿。也就是说，这个银行A以 30亿资产为抵押去借900亿的资金用于投资，假如投资盈利5%，那么A就获得45亿的盈利，相对于A自身资产而言，这是150%的暴利。反过来，假如投资亏损5%，那么银行A赔光了自己的全部资产还欠15亿。 二。CDS合同。由于杠杆操作高风险，所以按照正常的规定，银行不运行进行这样的冒险操作。所以就有人想出一个办法，把杠杆投资拿去做“保险”。这种保险就叫CDS。比如，银行A为了逃避杠杆风险就找到了机构B。机构B可能是另一家银行，也可能是保险公司，诸如此类。A对B说，你帮我的贷款做违约保险怎么样，我每年付你保险费5千万，连续10年，总共5亿，假如我的投资没有违约，那么这笔保险费你就白拿了，假如违约，你要为我赔偿。A想，如果不违约，我可以赚45亿，这里面拿出5亿用来做保险，我还能净赚40亿。如果有违约，反正有保险来赔。所以对A而言这是一笔只赚不赔的生意。B是一个精明的人，没有立即答应A的邀请，而是回去做了一个统计分析，发现违约的情况不到1%。如果做一百家的生意，总计可以拿到500亿的保险金，如果其中一家违约，赔偿额最多不过50亿，即使两家违约，还能赚400亿。A,B双方都认为这笔买卖对自己有利，因此立即拍板成交，皆大欢喜。 三。CDS市场。B做了这笔保险生意之后，C在旁边眼红了。C就跑到B那边说，你把这100个CDS卖给我怎么样，每个合同给你2亿，总共200亿。B想，我的400亿要10年才能拿到，现在一转手就有200亿，而且没有风险，何乐而不为，因此B和C马上就成交了。这样一来，CDS就像股票一样流到了金融市场之上，可以交易和买卖。实际上C拿到这批CDS之后，并不想等上10年再收取200亿，而是把它挂牌出售，标价220亿;D看到这个产品，算了一下，400亿减去220亿，还有180亿可赚，这是“原始股”，不算贵，立即买了下来。一转手，C赚了20 亿。从此以后，这些CDS就在市场上反复的抄，现在CDS的市场总值已经抄到了62万亿美元。 四。次贷。上面 A,B,C,D,E,F....都在赚大钱，那么这些钱到底从那里冒出来的呢?从根本上说，这些钱来自A以及同A相仿的投资人的盈利。而他们的盈利大半来自美国的次级贷款。人们说次贷危机是由于把钱借给了穷人。笔者对这个说法不以为然。笔者以为，次贷主要是给了普通的美国房产投资人。这些人的经济实力本来只够买自己的一套住房，但是看到房价快速上涨，动起了房产投机的主意。他们把自己的房子抵押出去，贷款买投资房。这类贷款利息要在8%-9%以上，凭他们自己的收入很难对付，不过他们可以继续把房子抵押给银行，借钱付利息，空手套白狼。此时A很高兴，他的投资在为他赚钱;B也很高兴，市场违约率很低，保险生意可以继续做;后面的C,D,E,F等等都跟着赚钱。 五。次贷危机。房价涨到一定的程度就涨不上去了，后面没人接盘。此时房产投机人急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。房子卖不出去，高额利息要不停的付，终于到了走头无路的一天，把房子甩给了银行。此时违约就发生了。此时A感到一丝遗憾，大钱赚不着了，不过也亏不到那里，反正有B做保险。B也不担心，反正保险已经卖给了C。那么现在这份CDS保险在那里呢，在G手里。G刚从F手里花了300亿买下了 100个CDS，还没来得及转手，突然接到消息，这批CDS被降级，其中有20个违约，大大超出原先估计的1%到2%的违约率。每个违约要支付50亿的保险金，总共支出达1000亿。加上300亿CDS收购费，G的亏损总计达1300亿。虽然G是全美排行前10名的大机构，也经不起如此巨大的亏损。因此G 濒临倒闭。 六。金融危机。如果G倒闭，那么A花费5亿美元买的保险就泡了汤，更糟糕的是，由于A采用了杠杆原理投资，根据前面的分析，A 赔光全部资产也不够还债。因此A立即面临破产的危险。除了A之外，还有A2，A3,...,A20，统统要准备倒闭。因此G,A,A2,...,A20一起来到美国财政部长面前，一把鼻涕一把眼泪地游说，G万万不能倒闭，它一倒闭大家都完了。财政部长心一软，就把G给国有化了，此后A,...,A20的保险金总计1000亿美元全部由美国纳税人支付。 七。美元危机。上面讲到的100个CDS的市场价是300亿。而CDS市场总值是62万亿，假设其中有10%的违约，那么就有6万亿的违约CDS。这个数字是300亿的200倍。如果说美国政府收购价值300亿的CDS之后要赔出1000 亿。那么对于剩下的那些违约CDS，美国政府就要赔出20万亿。如果不赔，就要看着A20,A21,A22等等一个接一个倒闭。无论采取什么措施，美元大贬值已经不可避免。 以上计算所用的假设和数字同实际情况会有出入，但美国金融危机的严重性无法低估。 |
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